Kune akawanda marudzi etransmembrane peptides, uye kupatsanurwa kwavo kunobva pane zvemuviri uye kemikari zvivakwa, masosi, nzira dzekupinza, uye biomedical application.Zvinoenderana nehunhu hwavo hwemuviri uye makemikari, membrane inopinda peptides inogona kukamurwa kuva marudzi matatu: cationic, amphiphilic uye hydrophobic.Cationic uye amphiphilic membrane inopinda peptides inoita 85%, nepo hydrophobic membrane inopinda peptides inotora 15% chete.
1. Cationic membrane inopinda peptide
Cationic transmembrane peptides inoumbwa nemapfupi peptides akapfuma muarginine, lysine, uye histidine, akadai seTAT, Penetratin, Polyarginine, P22N, DPV3 uye DPV6.Pakati pazvo, arginine ine guanidine, iyo inogona hydrogen bond ine zvakaipa inochajiswa phosphoric acid mapoka pasero membrane uye inopindirana transmembrane peptides mu membrane pasi pemamiriro ehupenyu PH kukosha.Zvidzidzo zve oligarginine (kubva ku3 R kusvika ku12 R) zvakaratidza kuti simba rekupinda kwe membrane rakangowanikwa apo chiyero che arginine chakanga chakaderera se8, uye simba rekupinda membrane rinowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwe arginine.Lysine, kunyangwe cationic senge arginine, haina guanidine, saka kana iripo yega, membrane yayo yekupinza inobudirira haina kukwirira zvakanyanya.Futaki et al.(2001) vakawana kuti yakanaka membrane penetration effect inogona kuwanikwa chete kana cationic cell membrane inopinda peptide iine kanenge 8 inochajiswa amino acids.Kunyange zvazvo zvisaririra zveamino acid zvakakosheswa zvakakosha kuti peptides ipinde mukati me membrane, mamwe amino acids akakosha zvakaenzana, sekuti kana W14 ichichinja kuita F, kupinda kwePenetratin kunorasika.
A special class of cationic transmembrane peptides is nuclear localization sequences (NLSs), iyo ine mapfupi peptides akapfuma muarginine, lysine uye proline uye anogona kutakurwa kuenda kunucleus kuburikidza nenyukireya pore complex.NLSs inogona zvakare kukamurwa kuita imwechete uye kaviri typing, ine imwe uye maviri masumbu eakakosha amino acids, zvichiteerana.Semuyenzaniso, PKKKRKV kubva simian virus 40(SV40) ingori kutaipa NLS, ukuwo mapuroteni enyukireya ari kaviri kutaipa NLS.KRPAATKKAGQAKKKL ndiyo ipfupi kutevedzana inogona kuita basa mu membrane transmembrane.Nekuti maNLS mazhinji ane manhamba ekuchaja ari pasi pe8, maNLS haashande transmembrane peptides, asi anogona kushanda transmembrane peptides kana covalently akabatana ne hydrophobic peptide sequences kugadzira amphiphilic transmembrane peptides.
2. Amphiphilic transmembrane peptide
Amphiphilic transmembrane peptides inosanganisira hydrophilic uye hydrophobic domains, iyo inogona kukamurwa kuva primary amphiphilic, secondary α-helical amphiphilic, β-folding amphiphilic uye prolin-enriched amphiphilic.
Yekutanga mhando amphiphilic kupfeka membrane peptides muzvikamu zviviri, chikamu chine NLSs yakabatana yakabatana nehydrophobic peptide sequence, seMPG (GLAFLGFLGAAGSTMGAWSQPKKKRKV) uye Pep - 1 (KETWWETWWTEWSQPKKRKV), ese ari maviri akavakirwa pane yenyukireya yekumisikidza chiratidzo PKK4HK0RKV. domain yeMPG ine chekuita nefusion sequence yeHIV glycoprotein 41 (GALFLGFLGAAGSTMG A), uye iyo hydrophobic domain yePep-1 ine hukama netryptophan rich cluster ine yakakwirira membrane affinity (KETWWET WWTEW).Nekudaro, iyo hydrophobic domains ese ari maviri akabatana nenyukireya yenzvimbo chiratidzo PKKKRKV kuburikidza neWSQP.Imwe kirasi yeprimary amphiphilic transmembrane peptides yakaparadzaniswa kubva kune echisikigo mapuroteni, akadai pVEC, ARF (1-22) uye BPrPr (1-28).
Yechipiri α-helical amphiphilic transmembrane peptides inosunga kune membrane kuburikidza ne-α-helices, uye yavo hydrophilic uye hydrophobic amino acid masara ari panzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeiyo helical chimiro, seMAP (KLALKLALK ALKAALKLA).Kune beta peptide inopeta mhando amphiphilic kupfeka membrane, kugona kwayo kuumba beta pleated sheet kwakakosha pakukwanisa kwayo kupinda kwe membrane, senge muVT5 (DPKGDPKGVTVTVTVTVTVTGKGDPKPD) mukutsvaga kugona kupinda kwe membrane, uchishandisa mhando D. - amino acid mutation analogues haigone kuumba beta yakapetwa chidimbu, kugona kwekupinda kwe membrane kwakashata.Mune proline-enriched amphiphilic transmembrane peptides, polyproline II (PPII) inoumbwa nyore nyore mumvura yakachena apo proline inowedzerwa zvakanyanya mu polypeptide chimiro.PPII ndeyeruboshwe-kuruboshwe helix ine 3.0 amino acid zvisaririra pakutendeuka, kusiyana neyakajairwa yekurudyi-ruoko alpha-helix chimiro ine 3.6 amino acid inosara pakutendeuka.Proline-enriched amphiphilic transmembrane peptides yaisanganisira bovine antimicrobial peptide 7(Bac7), synthetic polypeptide (PPR) n(n inogona kuita 3, 4, 5 uye 6), nezvimwewo.
3. Hydrophobic membrane inopinda peptide
Hydrophobic transmembrane peptides inongori nenon-polar amino acid zvisaririra, ine net charge isingasviki 20% yechaji yese yeamino acid sequence, kana ine hydrophobic moieties kana makemikari mapoka akakosha kune transmembrane.Kunyangwe aya ma cell transmembrane peptides achiwanzo furatirwa, aripo, senge fibroblast growth factor (K-FGF) uye fibroblast growth factor 12(F-GF12) kubva kuKaposi's sarcoma.
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-19-2023