Heterocyclic makomisheni akagoverwa zvakanyanya muzvisikwa, achiverengera chinenge chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chezvinozivikanwa organic makomponi, uye anoshandiswa zvakanyanya.Zvinhu zvakawanda zvakakosha, senge chlorophyll, heme, nucleic acids, uye mamwe echisikigo uye ekugadzira zvinodhaka zvine hunobudirira hunoshamisa mumakiriniki ekushandisa, ane zvimiro zveheterocyclic komputa.Alkaloids ndiyo inonyanya kushanda zvikamu zveChinese herbal medicine, uye mazhinji acho ane nitrogen-ine heterocyclic compounds.
"Muma cyclic organic compounds, maatomu anoumba mhete anonzi heterocyclic compounds kana paine mamwe maatomu asiri ecarbon mukuwedzera kumaatomu ecarbon."Aya maatomu asiri ecarbon anonzi heteroatoms.Kazhinji heteroatom initrogen, oksijeni, uye sarufa.
Maererano netsanangudzo iri pamusoro apa, heterocyclic compounds inoratidzika kunge inosanganisira lactone, lactide, uye cyclic anhydride, nezvimwewo, asi haibatanidzwi mumakomponi eheterocyclic nokuti akafanana muzvisikwa kune anowirirana akazaruka-cheni makomisheni uye anowanzo kuvhura zvindori. yakavhurika-chain compounds.Iri bepa rinotarisa pane heterocyclic makomisheni ane mhete masisitimu akagadzikana uye akasiyana madhigirii ekunhuhwirira.Iwo anonzi anonhuwirira heterocyclic makomisheni maheterocycles anochengeta chimiro chinonhuhwirira, kureva, 6π electron yakavharwa conjugate system.Mishonga iyi yakagadzikana, haisi nyore kuvhura mhete, uye maitiro avo uye reactivity yakafanana nebenzene, kureva kuti, ane madhigirii akasiyana ekunhuhwirira, saka anonzi aromatic heterocyclic compounds.
Heterocyclic makomisheni anogona kuverengerwa senge heterocycles kana gobvu heterocycles zvichienderana neheterocyclic skeletons.Single heterocycles inogona kukamurwa kuita shanu-nhengo heterocycles uye nhanhatu-nhengo heterocycles maererano nehukuru hwavo.Iwo akasanganiswa heterocycles anogona kupatsanurwa kuita benzene-fused heterocycles uye akasanganiswa heterocycles zvichienderana nechimiro chawo chemhete yakasanganiswa.Sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo.
Zita rezita remakomboni eheterocyclic rinonyanya kuenderana nekuturikirwa mumitauro yekunze.Kushandurwa kwechiChinese kwezita reChirungu remushonga weheterocyclic yakawedzerwa pedyo nemunhu "kou".Semuyenzaniso:
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-05-2023